The guiding aim and abiding concern of Corporate culture Essay

The directing point and withstanding worry of Corporate culture - Essay Example Corporate culture has an effect on how the individuals from an association behave in pretty much every part of their lives, in regard to their work, to make a decent picture. It is this conduct which comes to influence how representatives connect with their kindred workers, every one of their customers (regardless of whether huge or little), and those individuals who have an enthusiasm for the association (whether they are investors or partners). The corporate culture of an association can likewise be characterized as the qualities that add to the formation of a domain that is favorable both mentally and socially and empower representatives to work successfully without stressing over any contention identified with their work methodology. These qualities depend on the information that has been picked up throughout the entire existence of the association from its establishing just as the current information on the association, which structure the methods of reasoning that hold the asso ciation together. There are sure examples, notwithstanding, where there might be many, diverse clashing, societies inside an association, and this typically happens particularly in the enormous associations, as a result of the various ways that are sought after by the different supervisory groups in accomplishing the objectives that have been set for the association. Corporate culture is an incredibly unpredictable marvel inside an association, and it influences the individuals who are utilized by it in their work lives in different ways. At the point when one thinks about corporate culture, one will understand that it might have both positive and negative consequences for the people in question. It is these impacts, among others, which will be talked about in this paper. While, as a rule, it is the administration of an association or partnership which assumes a critical job in the making of the corporate culture of the organizatio

Organisational Structure and Change ( MANAGEMENT Subject ) Essay

Authoritative Structure and Change ( MANAGEMENT Subject ) - Essay Example It is consistent to consider the pertinence of the Toyota route into enterprises outside the assembling circle too †Services associations like Banks and Software organizations have attempted and absorbed the ‘factory’ model of Toyota just as the ‘Lean’ producing standards. What follows here, is a basic examination of the pro’s and con’s of receiving the Toyota employable model into the administration business, especially banks. The Toyota experience spells an example of overcoming adversity and an account of endurance with sheer coarseness, perseverance and determination in the midst of times of fluctuating fortunes over the decades. In like manner, legendary banks have their own accounts of how they have (and have not) made due right up 'til the present time. If one somehow happened to investigate the legitimacy of Toyota’s essential standards and their materialness to the Banking business, the accompanying perspectives appear to be relevant: a) Governance and Ethics are the mainstays of Toyota †unnecessary to state, these have been the sustainers and destroyers of Banks today, particularly with regards to the financial disturbance of the previous hardly any months. Banks that were apparently powerful only a year prior have failed miserably and sunk suddenly and completely. Consequently, Toyota, as a conspicuous difference, shows what solid administration and morals can accomplish for a company’s endurance. b) Back from the edge and prospering from there on †Toyota nearly fallen during the Korean War and was spared simply because of a request for trucks that originated from the US armed force in 1950 †Toyota has ‘never’ overlooked this severe exercise and the organization flourishes right up 'til today on what it gladly calls the worth arrangement of ‘presumptions of imperfection’ †others would term it as sound distrustfulness.. In direct difference, Banks have as of late turned daring, contributed wildly, served terrible credits, and just, crumbled †Bringing in

Is the Teleological Argument strong Essay Example

Is the Teleological Argument solid Paper The Teleological Argument is an a back inductive contention which was advanced in numerous structures by old logicians, for example, Plato and Cicero to the more present day savants and scholars, for example, Aquinas and Paley. It is a contention to demonstrate the presence of God. The name of the contention originates from Greek telos which means reason or point. Aquinass contention which was in his Summa might be summarized along these lines: 1. Every single structured thing have an originator 2. The Universe is structured 3. Hence it has a planner, this originator is God We will compose a custom exposition test on Is the Teleological Argument solid explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Is the Teleological Argument solid explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Is the Teleological Argument solid explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer This contention, as observed from point one and three, is making one wonder (as such, it is a roundabout contention). This makes it powerless in light of the fact that it has just declared one of its premises in the end. It as if he is stating that its actual on the grounds that it is valid. This isnt adequate enough for a sound contention. Additionally, Aquinas doesnt give any avocation to the subsequent point. These focuses make it resemble its an exceptionally powerless contention. Anyway focuses can be given for the universe being structured, for example, the seasons and passing. This point anyway can be battled by saying that the universe, may undoubtedly, have a few highlights of a plan however there are numerous which show that it doesnt have configuration, for example the reality a few ladies have ectopic pregnancies. The way that it is an inductive contention implies that it isn't really evident, it is unexpected (may not be valid) and isn't as solid as something that is essentially obvious. In any case, deductive contentions never reveal to us anything new about the world, which not at all like inductive contentions which despite the fact that may not be fundamentally evident, do disclose to us something new. Notwithstanding, the inquiry (regarding the quality of the contention), ought not be dependent upon our inclination of find out about the world. In this way, the way that it isn't really evident weakens the contention. The contention is likewise a back, this gives space for Skepticism (which questions the outer world) to debilitate the contention. Distrust says that we can never know about the outside world which implies the request or reason we find on the planet can likewise be questioned. As Descartes put it, the main thing that is reliable was your own psyche (this plainly delineated when he said I think along these lines I am). How would we realize that request, reason and magnificence on the planet isnt the working of an Evil Demon? David Hume, the British Empiricist, brought up criticisms regarding the teleological contention which was advanced by Paley anyway his protests can be utilized against Aquinass contention as well. Humes first complaint was that we can not evaluate whether a universe was structured in light of the fact that we have no understanding of universe being planned or assembled. At the point when you unearth a house you know whether it is acceptable or not through experience of different houses, you can not say this regarding the universe since it is exceptional. Hence, how might we decide it is a very much planned universe? Hume second protest is that is a sham to compare the universe to something repairman in light of the fact that the universe Hume at that point proceeds to state that When we deduce a specific reason from an impact, we should extent the one to the next, and can never be permitted to credit to the reason any characteristics, yet what are actually adequate to create the impact. This implies in light of the fact that it might demonstrate a planner, doesnt imply that we can mark the architect with such titles, for example, supreme, omniscient and omnibenevolent. The inquiry currently is, are Humes complaints substantial? The principal protest is stating that we can not know something in the event that we had not experienced it and it is novel, nonetheless, we have not seen mankind being made and it is interesting yet we have numerous anthropologists and all the more significantly we are really discovering increasingly more about universe through the examinations done by cosmologists. His subsequent protest, which was battled by Swinburne, can not in any way, shape or form be genuine in light of the fact that the request the universe has Taking everything into account, the Teleological Argument is solid in light of the fact that the initial two complaints that were advanced by Hume have been battled by Swinburne and don't hold up. Be that as it may, Humes third complaint despite everything holds, this makes the contention more vulnerable in light of the fact that it shows that the contention doesn't satisfy its motivation (to show Gods presence the definition being of a Judeo-Christian God). The complaint that it is an inductive, contention doesn't hold in light of the fact that in spite of the fact that it makes it more averse to be valid, that doesn't imply that isn't correct. Likewise, the way that it is a back, may imply that incredulity can question it however the sound judgment approach (set forward by Wittgenstein) says that we ought not be influenced by such things. Wittgenstein says Here is one hand, and here is another and that is evidence enough.

Uncommon Article Gives You the Facts on Internship Reflection Paper Essay That Only a Few People Know Exist

Uncommon Article Gives You the Facts on Internship Reflection Paper Essay That Only a Few People Know Exist Another key to success entails an individual must have a professional attitude to be able to fit in the competitive industry. Clearly my objectives which were set in the beginning proved extremely difficult where it might have been something that required superhuman capability to realize. You will likely have to use the CRN number when registering. A suitable start sufficiently increases your odds of success. The intern that's discussed within this paper spent her hours working with a transitional recovery application which is contracted with the neighborhood court system for addicts which are in danger of risking their lives and freedom as a result of addiction. I realized that this isn't only a tiring job. however, it also required me to be active all the time. My resume doesn't require a makeover, it has to be restarted from scratch, and that's a great thing! Just something as easy as an observation or merely looking at student work posted in and outside the classroom is a means for each of us to learn from one another. Internship Reflection Paper Essay Can Be Fun for Everyone While taking print out of your internship file, remember that what kind of paper you may use to make it appear more professional and excellent idea is to use resume paper. And here we're going to inform you all nuances and share suggestions on how to compose a reflective essay. An excellent reflective ess ay may be an amazing reflective essay with the appropriate planning. Utilizing this guide, you might discover some other helpful methods to compose an ideal reflective essay. I've always enjoyed writing, and always felt I was pretty great at it. The investigative issues portrayed within this report have been facilitated by using journals, and the many reports given by authors of distinct newspapers. Therefore, the procedure for writing will turn out to be much simpler. Internship Reflection Paper Essay at a Glance It's important to listen in addition to share. I am constantly inspired to develop new marketing and advertising ideas and blog post concepts that could help promote and bring in new on-line traffic. What's a reflection question. If you're late in business it's not merely a reflection of you, but of the whole business enterprise. The Lost Secret of Internship Reflection Paper Essay In experiential learning and internships, the actual learning comes afterthe work term when you've got a chance to consider about what you saw and experienced. Sometimes, you're expected to create a report based on various time periods of your internship als o. As soon as it is your duty to track down an internship, there are an assortment of methods to get a position. It is essential for individuals to involve themselves in internship programs to be able to be in a position of understanding the important component of the job. If you've got additional questions regarding your upcoming internship, get in touch with a CLS counselor. Most on-campus recruiters are searching for full-time employees, but a lot of them are also searching for interns. To summarize, I want to remember that my paralegal internship equipped me with the skills required to become an attorney later on. My paralegal internship taught me the way to get together with unique men and women well, how to ask questions when I didn't understand something and the way to communicate nice and bad news to attorneys. The Honest to Goodness Truth on Internship Reflection Paper Essay It's important to highlight major events also. Thus, this resort hotel is just one of the greatest choices and they're able to guarantee their quantity of service and facilities for all sorts of guest. The Seventeen Days program is extremely unique as it is a video based and interactive intervention in which girls have the capacity to tailor the intervention to targ et their unique needs. Meeting the greatest atmosphere, higher class rooms and to be impressed by an ideal services.

The Problem of Bullying Essay - 1049 Words

In middle school and high school, the issue of bullying has accumulated an adequate amount of attention to grow into a national concern. In the textbook, Sociology Now: The Essentials by Michael Kimmel and Amy Aronson, a study disclosed that 77 percent, in Midwestern towns, reported being a victim of bullying during their school years (p. 433). Bullying develops when a person is continually teased or physically hurt, sometimes both, for durations of time. There are different types of bullying such as physical bullying, verbal bullying, indirect bullying, social alienation, intimidation, and cyberbullying (â€Å"Types of Bullying†). This issue is important to recognize because children are now living with bullying and it could lead to further†¦show more content†¦Other causes may derive from unlikeable changes such as parent’s divorce, relocating, and new siblings. A person may use bullying to cope with these unlikeable changes to release negative concealed emot ions. A psychologist would then choose an appropriate treatment such as family counseling, group therapy, self therapy, and other therapeutic skills to improve behavior and state of mind. From the victim’s point of interest, a psychologist would look at the affects of bullying inflicted and figure out an appropriate treatment if needed. A victim of bullying could be at high risk for depression that can lead to self-injury, depression, other disorders, and bullying onto others. A victim may obtain repressed feelings as they get older that may prevent the person to associate in certain situations. Treatment for victims may include therapy to manage other negative feelings constructed from being bullied. Overall, a psychologist would view bullying affects from an individual’s stand point of either the bully or the victim. A sociologist would approach bullying from a different point of view as a group (rather than a individual point) and observe the problem of bullying ref lecting against social order. The theoretical perspective a sociologist would use when viewing bullying would be the structural functionalism view. Sociologists would not see bullies as bad people butShow MoreRelatedBullying And The Problem Of Bullying Essay1410 Words   |  6 PagesBullying is such a widespread problem going on in schools today. There are times it is swept under the rug, but it is time to address the problem head on. A lot of adults could probably tell you about a time throughout school that they were bullied themselves. Many consider bullying a â€Å"part of growing up,† but I don’t believe this at all. When you have young children killing themselves over being bullied, it needs to end! I believe that the introduction of all the social media apps has made theRead MoreBullying Is Not A Major Problem1450 Words   |  6 PagesBullying, by definition â€Å"is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceive d power imbalance† (Stop Bullying). Bullying has quickly become a serious problem in schools, and it negatively impacts both the bully and the victim. Students who have been bullied even once in their lifetime have a higher risk of attempting suicide, and in general have lower self-esteem, causing them to have difficulty maintaining relationships. Bullies themselves also begin to harassRead MoreIs Bullying A Serious Problem?1683 Words   |  7 PagesHistory of the Problem Bullying has been an ongoing problem all over the world for as long as people can remember. Bullying by definition is, to use superior strength or influence to intimidate (someone), typically to force him or her to do what one wants. Bullying is a very serious problem, victims of bullying are more prone to depression. Bullying does not affect just one group, it can happen to anyone making it a prevalent threat to all of society. Approximately 160,000 teens skip school everyRead MoreBullying Is A Worldwide Problem894 Words   |  4 PagesBullying is a worldwide problem that has been going on for years whether in schools or online. Based off a power point by Laura Rizzardini, bullying is when someone â€Å"purposely causes harm†¦includes social exclusion, and the bully has more power than the victim.† There could many different logics to why bullies bully. Some reasons may include: it is a way to get attention, fit in with a certain group of people, or even that is the wa y they are treated at home so they do not know that it is not acceptableRead MoreBullying Is A Growing Problem1000 Words   |  4 PagesBullying in schools has become an increasing problem in American society. Bullying is the repetitive, aggressive behavior from one person to another. This can include leaving someone out intentionally, spreading rumors, assaulting a person physically and verbally, and threatening someone. Bullying can be executed in many different ways: online, physically, and verbally. The article, â€Å"Bullying in Schools: An Overview†, states, â€Å"According to John A. Calhoun, president and CEO of the National CrimeRead MoreSolve the Bullying Problem667 Words   |  3 Pagesdeath from an abandoned cement factory tower. Rebecca was taken out of the school where the bullying students had attended but the bullying didn’t stop. While attending her old school she got jumped and told that she should â€Å"drink bleach and die† by one of the t wo girls who got arrested for this tragedy. In the United States bullying is becoming a major problem that no one is really trying to fix. Bullying can happen to anyone whether he or she is popular at school or the outcast. Being bullied isRead MoreBullying Is A Common Problem881 Words   |  4 Pages Bullying is a common problem. Bullying is very negative and creates bigger problems for society. Since many people don`t take bullying serious, they are often left shocked and confused when an incident occurs as a result of bullying. This essay is about dealing with bullying and one teens desparate struggle to deal with the issue; which ultimately led to her suicide at the age of 15. There are many forms of bullying. Two types of bullying that Amanda experienced was emotional bullying, which includesRead MoreIs Bullying A Serious Problem?1176 Words   |  5 PagesHundreds of years bullying has been going on, how long will it finally stop? In the United States Suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people, resulting in about 4,400 deaths per year, according to the CDC. For every suicide among young people, there are at least 100 suicide attempts. Over 14 percent of high school students have considered suicide, and almost 7 percent have attempted it. Bullying is a Very serious social matter that needs to stop, Bullying related suicideRead MoreThe Problem of Cyber Bullying1323 Words   |  6 Pagesnew problem to arise. â€Å"Half of students admit to being bullied online, while an estimated seventy-nine percent of teenagers say it’s a problem,† (â€Å"An Old Problem with a New Face†). Since the rapid growth of technology, cyber bullying has become life-threatening for too many teenagers. Now that teenagers have phones and technology almost twenty-four hours a day, they are putting themselves at a greater risk of being cyber bullied. Cyber bullying is different from regular, old-school bullying; cyberRead MoreBullying Is A Problem For School1318 Words   |  6 PagesBullying has been a problem for schools for a long time and has continued to be so. It has increased dramatically, taking everything that happens at school and moving it to the Internet. Pre-teens and teens are the most likely victims because they do not fit in a certain group or the bully just wants to show them that they are better than anyone else. While, the school focuses on only the academic part of the students and not the social, they cause students to build barriers between everyone in order

The Vows Of Poverty, Chastity, And Obedience - 1071 Words

But how do the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience allow me to fulfill God’s will, increase my holiness, and spread love among those whom I shall encounter? I must face the fact that I am not Christ, I am a sinner. And, for each of these vows, I have failed to exemplify in my life. With regards to poverty, I have tried to seek solace by chasing a never-ending cycle of hoping that material things will help me feel more complete. I too, have failed living a chaste life when I struggled with pornography. And, my pride blocked me from recognizing the need to obey those superior to me, because of course in my mind, I was right. I sinned in all these ways, and I’m sure our good Lord knows even more of my faults, but Christ will never leave those who seek holiness without his help. Fortunately, Jesus has helped me tremendously transform my life into embracing the three vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. My encounter with the Jesuits, as well as my lengthy discernment made me first purely desire, the desire to please Jesus. As I grew in my faith, my awareness of my sinful nature became more clear. But, I didn’t know how to mend my life. I turned to patience, and persistent prayer. I asked the Lord to help me, show me how to love him more, and to let me see clearly his healing. Jesus, began healing me, and continues to heal me. Of course, I will need continuous healing until I enter Heaven, but fruitful progress has been made through the Holy Spirit. First, my desire toShow MoreRelatedThe Influence of Religion on Mother Teresa Essay1124 Words   |  5 Pagesand so she followed this will from God. To become a nun, and the lady known as Mother Teresa, Agnes had to take the last vows of obedience, chastity and poverty to follow the ways which Jesus was, and in the end the influence which had on Agness, or Mother Teresas life. To become a nun, a woman must obey Gods will, no matter what has been asked. Mother Teresa took this vow seriously, she obeyed Gods will in every little thing she did, and was a major influence on her life. In obeying GodsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Prologue Of The Canterbury Tales 1194 Words   |  5 PagesBhakta, Karan English IV, Sixth Hour Mr. Adcock 8 December 2015 The Religious Vows In The Prologue of The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer has some religious characters who break the vows they pledge for, to get a place in the Church. Many characters in the story seem to have an awkward characteristic that the writer did not notice. Why do the religious characters break the vow? How do they break it? For example, the monk was a primary part of the church, but as you keep readingRead MoreThe Rule Of The Franciscan Order1048 Words   |  5 PagesThe Rule of the Franciscan Order Francis of Assisi is an icon of poverty and reform in the Catholic Church, because his lifestyle encouraged the Church and especially the hierarchy of his time to change almost entirely. He can be perceived as a prophet of his time who revolutionized from his very being a drastic change, because with his life as an example he went from words to actions. Francis was born into a wealthy family in Assisi; he had everything a boy of his time could ask for. Francis experiencedRead MoreAugustine And Two Fathers Of The Greek Church1702 Words   |  7 Pagesreligious vows that were blatantly ignored by the clergy in the past, and do so now with more secrecy. It is Cannon Law that â€Å"competent authority of the Church† must take vows of the evangelical counsels of chastity, poverty, obedience, and charity (Catholic Canonists). Meanwhile, in the past as seen by the previously mentioned criticisms of Pope Alexander VI’s use of great wealth to help seize the papacy and the mode rn â€Å"Bishop of Bling† shows that both the vows of poverty and obedience to thoseRead MoreThe Purpose and Practice of Monastic Vocation Essay667 Words   |  3 Pagesto speak.  · The Abbot must be a father to his community.  · The Abbot must hold meetings with all the monks to decide monastery business.  · The Abbots orders must be obeyed without argument.  · Every monk must take a vow of chastity.  · No one should own anything.  · Monks must pray together seven times a day.  · At every meal, there must be a reading from the bible.  · Great care must be taken of those who are sick. For their first reason, silenceRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales Comparative Essay887 Words   |  4 Pagesembodies military excellence, honor, and loyalty. The Monk, on the other hand, is not thought of as highly as the Knight. Holding the title of Monk and Prior of the Cell, the Monk is bound to vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. The Monk is aware of the rules and restrictions that come with these vows, such as studying throughout most of the day, but he dismisses such regulations as worthless. â€Å"And I agreed and said his views were sound/ was he to study till his head went round† (187-188). ItRead MoreThe Establishment and Rise of the Jesuits Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pages At the turn of the 1500’s, the Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits, began. It’s founder, Ignatius Loyola, created this society very distinct from other orders, in its â€Å"fanatical† obedience to the pope, and requirement of education to be a practitioner in the Society. The Jesuits played a large role in counter-reformation, specifically Protestantism. The Catholic Church used the Jesuits to reclaim many of the souls lost to the heresies that abounded during that age. The Jesuits continueRead MoreReligious Characters in The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer Essay examples598 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Nun, the Monk, and the Friar. Yet, Chaucer does show one character, the Parson, as goodness and holiness in the church. Nuns are member of a religious order for women, living in a convent under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. Their orders vary in the stipulations of the vows, some being permanent, and others only for fixed periods of time. The orders vary in dress, purpose, and rule, but generally follow the same basic principles. The nuns are devoted to a purely meditativeRead MoreSignificance Of The Second Nun Essay1222 Words   |  5 Pagesa very devout and highly moral life. Medieval nuns and priests must be fully dedicated to god and christian faith. The daily life of a medieval nun was formulated around three main vows established by St Benedict in 480-550 AD, The vow of Poverty, The vow of Chastity and the Vow of obedience. As dictated by these vows nuns and priests must live very modestly and renounce everything they own for use of the common good, remain chaste for their entire lives and must be obedient to god as well as theirRead MoreThe Importance of the Clergy during the Middle Ages1039 Words   |  4 Pagesless educated than the bishops and were not as high in rank in the clergy as the bishops. They listened to confession and gave advice to somebody on how to lead another’s life. The monks in the Middle Ages have to take vows of Poverty, Chastity, and Obedience these they had to vow to their bishops and popes. Monks could often read and write in Latin but that was not always a good thing to them. The reason was you could make a mistake and if you make a mistake then you got punished and usually the

President Roosevelt, Winston Churchill free essay sample

The Yalta Conference was called together by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The three allied leaders, being, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and President Franklin himself. Together they each had their own goals, and negotiation became essential. The war in Europe was nearly over, and the question on what to do with Germany was a mall priority. The allied leaders rendezvoused in the Russian Crimea, February 1945. Controversy has surrounded the conference ever since. In relation to the sellout at Yalta, that is not adequately true.President Roosevelt was ill and weary minded, but he did not let this affect his better Judgment. Many critics throughout history have stated that President Roosevelt was ill and too weak to stand up to Joseph Stalins cunningness, but in fact, he was more alert than ever before. Each of the allies at the Yalta Conference had their own goals. Britain sought to make France a partner In the postwar occupation of Germany, to curb Soviet Influence In Poland, and to ensure protection for the vulnerable British Empire. We will write a custom essay sample on President Roosevelt, Winston Churchill or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Joseph Stalin had any demands that angered Winston Churchill; President Roosevelt became the prime negotiator in the disagreement. The Soviet union wanted war reparations from Germany to rebuild their homeland and continue their influence in Poland. Stalin also wanted a massively hurt Germany so it would never attack mother Russia In the future. In return the United Nations Organizations, being represented by the united States exercised Its influence for a Soviet declaration of war against Japan to aid in ending the war in the Pacific, for recognition of China as a major power: and for improvise between rival factions in Poland.Military agreements began to show on Russians side of the table and the British Prime Minister grew hot. Soviet troops occupied those countries in eastern Europe that they liberated, including Poland, and Stalin repeatedly pointed out that twice German armies had marched through Poland Into Russian territory, killing millions. Stalin sought a government friendly to Moscow, preferably the Lubing regime. He also wanted Poland to have territory of Germanys, and that the Soviet union would acquire part of Poland.Churchill disagreed because he wanted the London government back in Poland. With President Roosevelt help, a compromise was reached: a boundary favorable to the Soviet Union in the east; postponement of the western boundary issue, the creation of a more broadly based coalition government that would Include members of the London regime; and free elections to be held sometime In the future. Many critics must realize Russia, herself, was in a tight situation, being a target in both world wars.The Soviets sought to rote themselves, not much could be done in relation to their demands, P resident Roosevelt did the best I can do Not to mention the fact that the Soviet Union did occupy Poland at the present time. The United States, Britain, and the Soviets decided upon the idea to divide Germany into four zones. France, America, Britain, cost of the damages came up to around 20 billion dollars, half which would go to the Soviets. The give a little-take a little strategy was at its best. Overall the Yalta Conference was a success, until it died off in time. In exchange forRussians pledge to enter the war in the Far East, Russia was given the Krill Islands, the southern half of Sailing, and an occupation zone in Korea, and was granted privileged rights in Manchuria and in the Chinese cities of Drainer and Port Arthur. The United States and Great Britain both agreed to recognize Outer Mongolia. In the end, Russia now had an equal membership in the United Nations. With the entire conference in mind, this was indeed not a sellout conference. Sure the Russians received more benefits, but they were also the ones that suffered the most damaging effects of the war.

Presidential daily briefing

Introduction Presidential daily briefing (PDB) is a state of the art secretive document, which is produced daily for the president of the United States of America. It is the most classified document in the United States as it has intelligence information that is aimed at protecting the country from imminent terrorism attacks and promoting the welfare of its citizens and citizens of other countries as well. Presidential briefings date back to the year 1952 after the Second World War.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Presidential daily briefing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More President Harry Truman’s administration formed the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), which came up with the idea that the president needed to be briefed on a daily basis on classified intelligence matters that would help him in governing the country well. The first presidential intelligence briefing, which is known as Presiden t’s Intelligence Check List, occurred in the year 1961 courtesy of a CIA officer known as Richard Lehman. The name was later changed to presidential daily briefing in the year 1964 (Blanton 2008, p.28). Since then, the president receives a PDB on a daily basis, which informs him of new improvements warranting his response and in−depth analysis of sensitive international state of affairs. Apart from the president, other high-ranking government officials have authorized access to the PDB. They include the vice president, the White House chief of staff, the national security adviser, the director of central intelligence and other intelligence agencies, the secretaries of the state, treasury and defense, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the deputy secretaries of state and defense finally the deputy national security adviser. Production of the presidential daily briefing In the preparation of the PDB, there is no formal coordination between the intelligence com munities though some of the contributions are given some considerations. Due to the classified information contained in the PDB, only few people with unquestionable integrity from CIA are involved in its preparation with the chief analyst and director at CIA being the publishers. The team mainly comprises the best-trained minds of the USA intelligence community to come up with the best intelligence information. The PDB is printed on a daily basis, apart from Sunday, â€Å"at the CIA headquarters printing plant in Virginia† (Blanton 2008, p.28). After the document is prepared, briefers, who are mainly experienced High-ranking analysts from the CIA’s Directorate of Intelligence, deliver the PDB to the respective recipient. Two presidential briefers deliver the PDB for the president; however, before the president is briefed, â€Å"the president’s briefer has to meet with the director of central intelligence when s/he arrives at the white house† (Helgerson 20 08, p.64). After that, the briefer briefs the president in the presence of the director of central intelligence. Issues that need further clarification are then brought back to the CIA headquarters by the briefer.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, during one of the briefings, President Bush was concerned about a terrorist attack to the country and he asked the CIA briefer to come back with its assessment of Bin Laden’s intentions in the following morning briefing (Helgerson 2008, p.69). Other briefers assigned to different government officials also go ahead to deliver by hand the PDB, but in this case, the director of central intelligence is not present. As some of the officials may be travelling, a secure way of transmitting the document to them is used to thwart any attempts by hackers who may have unapproved access to the document. A copy of the PDB has to be returned to the briefer as all the copies are to be returned to the CIA headquarters for safekeeping. Public access to the presidential daily briefing Despite the fact that about 60 per cent of the articles enclosed in the president’s daily brief do not appear in the press at all, the members of the public have access to some classified information in the document. The other 40 per cent is easily accessible to the public as it can be found in news. Some of the presidents like Bill Clinton even questioned the importance of the classified information in the PDB as he had already read it from other sources. This aspect raises questions on the authenticity of the information that is gathered by the so-called experienced US intelligence officer to be presented to the head of state. The PDB may not be so secretive and this aspect can be proved by the August 6, 2001 President’s Daily Briefing Memo (Helgerson 2008, p.61). Before it was declassified two years later, most of the information it contained had been made public. Apart from this PDB, other documents from the government of President Johnson have been declassified and made available to the public without jeopardizing the national security of the country and this aspect further raises the question of the sensitivity of the PDB. Further declassification of PDBs by the national archives would have shown that the public already knew the information contained in the documents (Melton and Wallace 2009, p.88). The clarity of the items contained in the PDB is also another issue as in the case of the imminent threat to the United States by the terrorist group, which was led by Osama Bin Laden. The national security adviser, Condoleezza Rice, together with other top official officers complained that the PDB, which was supposed to contain intelligence information on the terrorist attacks, was not reliable as it contained scanty information. The result of this unreliability was the shockin g attack on September 11 2001 that led to the irreversible loss of lives and property worth billions of US dollars. This catastrophic event could have been easily avoided if the intelligence officers had carried out in-depth investigations on the issue.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Presidential daily briefing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Notably, the presence of intelligence units like the CIA in the United States should not be taken granted, as they are very useful in providing intelligence that informs the president on international developments and security of the country. The CIA officers responsible for drafting the PDB should be chosen based on their performance and wealth of experience as intelligence is an exceptional mission on top of being very valuable in the proper running of a country. The PDB newspaper should be very relevant and interesting so that the recipients do not ignore reading it and this way, the CIA can use the feedback from the recipient to do a better job and avoid reproducing information that is already available in the news. An informed president will aid the country in averting crises like the September 11, 2001 surprise attacks. In addition, all the agencies involved with issues on intelligence, viz. defense department, military department, and state department should not withhold information on intelligence, as this move will help the CIA in preparing a detailed and comprehensive PDB newspaper for the benefit of the nation. Reference List Blanton, Thomas. 2004. Who’s Afraid of the PDB? Slate Magazine, 22 March. Helgerson, John. 2008. Getting to Know the President: CIA Briefings of Presidential Candidates 1952-1992. New York, NY: Center for the Study of Intelligence. Melton, Keith, and Robert Wallace. 2009. The Official CIA Manual of Trickery and  Deception. New York, NY: HarperCollins.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on Presidential daily briefing was written and submitted by user Taraji Monroe to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Stalin and the Jews essays

Stalin and the Jews essays Modern World History Mr. Pollans Joseph Stalin led the Socialist Soviet Union in the Revolution from Above, a movement to centralize the government and transform society without popular participation . Because Stalins radical goals were destructive for the populace to attain, his legitimacy was based on the credibility of his ideological authority . In protection of that conviction, Stalin was in constant fear of competitive initiative and philosophy. Stalin subjected society and culture to strict party surveillance and control, issuing pro-socialist, xenophobic propaganda, censoring literature, art, and media, and launching anti-religious campaigns . In addition to his confiscation of religious property and denunciation of belief, Stalin was a contemptuous anti-Semite, using Jewish people as symbols of a corrupt capitalist ethic. However, in 1941, Stalin discontinued his Jewish intolerance and supported the formation of the Jewish Antifascist Committee (JAC) in 1942, contradicting practiced Stalinism and amen ding his previously categorical policy. Even after WWII, Stalin collaborated with the United States and supported the creation of a Jewish State in Palestine. Soviet Jews raised great hope for future friendship and cooperation with the government . Suddenly, in 1948, Stalin changed his position again, dissolving the JAC, arresting prominent Jews, and beginning the Black Years of refreshed repression and anti-Semitism. Although drastic doctrinal oscillations were completely out of character for the inflexible dictator, the changes in Jewish administration were not the only exceptions in his etiology that Stalin made from WWII to his death. The effects of Stalins inconstancies were dangerously close to destructive of his legitimacy and authority. What compelled a fanatically unyielding and calculating dictator to alter his policy self-preservation, miscalculation, composite ...

Resource Project (Motivation) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7250 words

Resource Project (Motivation) - Assignment Example Carrefour is listed as the Europe’s leading retailer and the second-largest in the world followed by Wal-Mart. It was selected for this study because of its success and achievements in the world retail industry. In fact, more than 10 million customers annually visit Carrefour stores and 25,000 suppliers provide fresh food, grocery and other items such as small house-hold goods, textiles, home appliances (photo equipment, DVDs, sound and multimedia equipment) to these stores. Annual net sales at Carrefour amounts approximately 76,789million Euros of which forty-six percentage, proportion is generated in France and the rest from abroad. Fournier, Badin and Defforey founded Carrefour in France in 1959 with the purpose of â€Å"creating, acquiring and operating, in France and abroad, stores for the sale of all items, products, food and merchandise and, secondarily, providing within the said stores all services that may be of interest to the customers† (Carrefour 2012 p.272) . Now Carrefour is a multi-format, multi-channel and multi-local group, comprising of 9,994 stores in thirty three different countries in the Europe, America, Middle-East and Asia. Employee motivation is viewed traditionally as the â€Å"struggle to get more for less† because more the performance of individual employees, less the cost of salaries for the company (Perry & Porter 1982). Cutting down the number of employees however helped sustain some businesses during the last economic recession. It suggests the importance of improving the workforce productivity rather than hiring new labour. In a study conducted in Germany revealed the economic recession in 2009 affected employment in many companies. Some employers had modified employees’ working conditions and pay in addition to the employment levels and staffing measures. Example, 67% of respondents in metalworking and electrical industry, 53% of respondents in chemical industry, 47% of respondents in financial

Omnivores Dilemma - A Natural History of Four Meals is a Nonfiction Essay

Omnivores Dilemma - A Natural History of Four Meals is a Nonfiction Book by Michael Pollan - Essay Example The book illustrates the American way of living from the source to the final meal that is eaten. From an economic viewpoint, there are many shortcomings of the book worth noting, such as in the Pollan’s self financed meals; he only focuses on what is before his eyes and ignores the macroeconomic factors that influence the transparency of the cost of foods, which is not attainable within the interconnectedness of the markets. Essentially, Omnivore’s Dilemma is a book about the state of America’s food production, consumption, regulation and distribution (Tyler, 2006). Food Chain Food chains are usually applied in ecological modelling, which provides a continuous variable for measuring passage of energy through various linear linkages from the lowest to the highest trophic feeding levels. Long food chain lengths are unstable with increasing length increases with the ecosystem size and reduction of energy at every successive level. Food chain lengths vary from three to six or even more levels. For example, a four-level food chain will consist of a flower, a frog, a snake and an owl. A five-level food chain may consist of the grass, a grasshopper, a rat, a snake and an owl. The organisms that use solar energy or heat energy to synthesize starch are the producers, such as plants. Consumers are those organisms that feed on other organisms, whereas, all food chains begin with the producer then progresses to the consumer. Therefore, all organisms within a food chain except the first one are all consumers. This fascinating journey through the food chain does not make Pollan a preacher, but he is engrossed in his thoughtfulness and so much dogged a researcher to let ideology take over him. He is surely not a writer who is afraid of soiling his hands in the quest for a better understanding on the manner in which modern food is produced. For example, he does everything from buying his cow to the slaughterhouse, then ultimately to the dinner table. Polla n really capture how Americans eat today from the fast food to the big organic to the locally sourced, ultimately to foraging for dinner armed with a rifle. This idea examines the human diet from capitalism to consumption (Pollan, 2006). National Eating Disorder Americans have changed the way they eat and the usual question that arises daily is based on what will be taken for dinner. This is a simple question that can evolve to be very complex as one tries to figure it out. The evolution of human culture has a great influence on how peoples’ native wisdom about eating, such that the way people eat is riddled with confusion and anxiety. Most ancient and venerable staple foods have abruptly disappeared from the American dinner tables and have made Americans to change the way they eat. This condition can be described as carbophobia. This was supplanted by lipophobia around 1977 when Americans were warned against loving the red meat during the Carter reign, which forced the Senat e committee to issue a set of dietary goals.  

Alfred Adler Essay Example for Free

Alfred Adler Essay Alfred Adler born February 7, 1870, received his medical degree in 1895, he took an interest in social issues and, in 1902, became part of Sigmund Freuds circle of friends. He created the International Psychoanalytic Association (IPA) in 1910. He and Feud worked together for many years but eventually their relationship soured and Adler left to form his own school of individual psychology. Their major point of disagreements stems from the aspect of sexuality Adler rejected Sigmund Freuds emphasis on sexuality and theorized that neurotic behavior is overcompensation for feelings of inferiority. He objected to the Freudian emphasis upon sex as the root of neurosis. To him a feeling of helplessness during childhood usually leads to an inferiority complex, as he too was ill during his childhood. Adlers theory focused on social forces, and his therapy focused on overcoming the inferiority complex through positive social interaction. Adler also rejected Freuds theory of the libido. He considered the individual as a complete being, whose social goals at the present began earlier on as an infant who has feelings of inferiority. And therefore compensation and the search for power and supremacy, as well as the sense of belonging to a collectivity is the most basic goal for such a client. Adler considered psychic development to be the formation a lifestyle, starting with early childhood, and that later symptom had to be taken into account from this point of view. Freud on the other hand placed more emphasis on sexuality as a motive. The Psychoanalysts say behavior is determined by unconscious motivations, irrational forces, instinctual drives and psychosexual events occurring during the first six years of life. Freud once commented: For, whether a man is a homosexual or a necrophilic, a hysteric suffering from anxiety, an obsessional neurotic cut off from society, or a raving lunatic, the Individual Psychologist of the Adlerian school will declare that the impelling motive of his condition is that he wishes to assert himself, to overcompensate for his inferiority, to remain on top, to pass from the feminine to the masculine line. 1 To Adler, the most important motive is the feeling of inferiority, which he felt originated in the sense of dependence and helplessness which infants experience which differs remarkably from Freud concept. In essence Psychoanalysts strive for fundamental reconstruction of an individuals total personality whereas Adlerian thought focuses on the patient re-educating and re-organizing his priorities and goals. True changes to a Psychoanalyst therefore comes from an individual gaining self awareness by bringing unconscious thoughts ,motivation, feelings and experience into the conscious so that behavior is based more on past reality than present social state of the mind. A second difference is on the nature of environmental stimuli. Adler stressed consideration of the individual in relation to his total environment. His system emphasizes the uniqueness of the individual and his relationships with society. Adler said it is not the childhood experiences that are crucial, it is our present interpretation of these events that matter. Unconscious instincts and our past do not determine behavior. Mental health therefore is measured by the degree to which we successfully share with each other and are concerned with their welfare. To them, encouragement is the most important method available for change of a person’s belief and clients are told they have the power to choose to act differently. Adlers early career was marked by a zeal for social reform, often expressed in articles in socialist newspapers. His first professional publication was a social-medicine monograph on the health of tailors. He could not agree with Freuds basic assumption that sex was the main determinant of personality, and all that this implied: the dominance of biological factors over the psychological; the push of drives, making for identical, predictable patterns; the part commanding the whole; pleasure-seeking as mans prime motivation. Whereas Freud tried to explain man in terms of machines and animals, Adler sought to understand and influence man precisely in terms of what makes him different from machines and animals. Individual psychology therefore has the kind of simplicity which comes with concreteness, dealing as much as possible with what can be observed and as little as possible with what must be taken on faith. A chagrin that Freud was not amused with when he commented Such doctrine is extremely welcome for the lay man because a theory such as this is bound to be very welcome to the great mass of the people, a theory which recognizes no complications, which introduces no new concepts that are hard to grasp, which knows nothing of the unconscious, which gets rid at a single blow of the universally oppressive problem of sexuality and which restricts itself to the discovery of the artifices by which people seek to make life easy. As: the mass of the people themselves take things easily: they call for no more than a single reason by way of explanation, they do not thank science for its diffuseness, they want to have simple solutions and to know that problems are solved. 2 Many of the aspects on which these two fields differ are. Goal-striving Adler saw man imbued with a unitary dynamic force, a striving from below to above. Since this striving is an intrinsic necessity of life itself, like physical growth, there is no need to infer a further source of energy for it. Which energy the psychoanalyst believed can be got from reflection through free association To Adler. To understand the personality or any behavior, one must seek its purpose. The desires of the self ideal were countered by social and ethical demands. If the corrective factors were disregarded and the individual over-compensated, then an inferiority complex would occur, fostering the danger of the individual becoming egocentric, power-hungry and aggressive or worse. To a psychoanalyst like Anna Freud each development phase constructs on the previous one. She says that psychological disorders could be most effectively studied in its developmental and evolutionary phase. We must look at beginnings and end points of a client’s life. She encouraged the observance of clients in their natural settings and then constructs the relationship with systematic observation from the consulting room. Another concrete phase was the relationship between the Therapist and the Patient. The therapists function, according to Adler, is not to treat mental disease as is the case with psychoanalysis, but to divine the error in the patients way of life and lead him to greater maturity. To this end Adler introduced a number of diagnostic approaches. Among these, his theory of dreams, the meaning of early childhood recollections, and the role of birth order in the family. Alfred Adler believed a great deal in the effect that birth order has on an individual. Adler believed that family constellation, where ones position was in birth order, played a crucial part in individual development. Adlerian therapy entails several stages.

The Corruption Of Power :: essays research papers

The Corruption of Power The United States Constitution reads: ".congress shall make no law respecting...or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or the press;..." (1st Amendment, 1791). The declaration gives one reason to believe that they are free in a country such as this, with "the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness," (Declaration of Independence, 1776) otherwise known as property. However, there is more behind freedom than just rights; there is also responsibility which can be distorted by certain individuals. This distortion may appear under power, which may corrupt the things we say and do, and in many ways, limit our rights. The rights we are granted by the First Amendment of the Constitution, guarantee the basic freedoms of speech, religion, petition, press, and assembly. By exercising these rights, freedom can be discovered, and can also be costly. The corruption for power is a popular factor in the decay of American rights. The use of certain rights can be twisted and made to be wrong by powerful forces being targeted. For example, if the underdog wishes to attack the wrong doings of leaders, the underdog's accusations may be twisted undermine the real issue. The power to distort is often give the assistance of higher authority, the government perhaps, and often lead to victory, therefore losing rights that they have originally been given. Recent problems have occurred involving the Cincinnati Reds owner, Marge Schott. By exercising her freedom of speech and her opinion, she was forced to lose her property, being her Major League Baseball team the Cincinnati Reds. She stated that what Adolph Hitler did in World War II to the Jewish people was right. To most people, this statement has many arguments that are very different from her opinion. Given the fact that out of all Americans today, two percent are millionaires, and fifty percent of this number happen to be Jewish people; this might reinforce her belief that the persecution lead the Jewish to become a strong entity that would no be defeated. America's leaders seem oblivious to the corruption that they are leading, by denying the rights of one to support the powerful. "Money is the root of all evil, and a man needs roots." (Anonymous) Money, a primary reason that leads to corruption, comes from those who have power.

Blood and Organism Physiology Paper

Organism Physiology Paper Greg Jenkins BIO/101 August 2, 2012 Jimmie Cave Organism Physiology Paper Organisms Overview This research is about an organism diagram that the writer has found for reasons while doing his investigation. The writer has selected to center his findings on human being aimed for his research paper. The writer has elected a illustration that will describe exactly how the organism in the figure has progressed physiologically to become suitable to its environs.Human Diagram The Human Figure The whole human form is an organism. There are numerous structures in the human format. An organ is comprised into double or additional materials pack into one functioning component that completes a precise purpose. Each organ has a precise part in the human body for improvement and a human being condition. The tissues in the body are significant because they labor together scientifically to vigorous sustain and keep the individual alive. Main organ methodsThe chief organ struc ture is mainly the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, endcannabinoid system, endocrine system, integumentary system, immune system, lymphatic system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, reproductive system, Respiratory system, urinary system, and the vestibular system. †¢Circulatory system: pushing and directing plasma and commencing the body and lungs with the central part of the human which is the heart, and blood vessels. †¢Digestive System: ingestion and dispensation nourishment with salivary glands, throat, abdominal, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, your guts, rectum, and anus. . Endocannabinoid system: neuromodulator lipids and receptors intricate in a diversity of functional procedures containing your desire for food, feeling of pain-sensation, humor, motorized way of knowledge, synaptic flexibility, and remembrance. †¢Endocrine system: contains the way the body receives messages inside the body by hormones made through the endocrine glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary or pituitary gland, pineal body or pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenals or adrenal glands †¢Integumentary system: is consistency of the human outside, physical being †¢Immune system: battle off infection; Lymphatic system: relocation of lymph amongst materials and the plasma flow, †¢Musculoskeletal system: muscles are accountable for association and the bones offer structural provision and security with skeletons, tendon, muscles, and ligaments. †¢Nervous system: gathering, transporting and dispensation data to the brain, vertebral, central nerves. †¢Reproductive system: the sexual role organs; in the woman; and man are very different, but plays a big part in human reproductions †¢Respiratory system: is the system of which a human needs to breath, the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. Urinary system: is the human way to exit out and balance the defecation of waist. †¢Vestibular syste m: adds to our equilibrium and our sense of three-dimensional coordination. (â€Å"How Many Are There†, 2011). The structure of the human system is a group of organs that help each other to sustain the human purposes. Materials cannot achieve these tasks alone; the organs are what support the materials to achieve its purposes. The chief organs through the body are the heart and the blood container. Conferring to Simon (2010), an entity is contingent on the matching of all its organ organisms for existence.For example, nutrients that are captivated from the gastrointestinal region are dispersed all through the body by the cardiovascular system. But the heart that drives blood over the cardiovascular system needs nutrients engrossed from nourishment by the gastrointestinal area and also oxygen (O2) gained from midair by the respirational system. Evolved physiologically Every entity is an exposed system, which means around unceasing interchange of substances and vitality with it s environments. Organisms needs familiarize with its surroundings in demand to live.This is exactly how the body functions with an exposed system: Eating, breathing, excrete, urinate, perspire and give off heat. Conferring to Simon (2010), Nutrients and oxygen must go in all existing cell, and carbon dioxide and all waste material got to be empty out. All existing organisms can adjust and react to its background. The most imperative body purpose is to preserve its honesty. Homeostasis, which accurately means â€Å"sturdy state,† is the inclination to uphold comparatively persistent situations in the center surroundings even after the outward environs changes (Simon, 2010).Variations do happen in the environment but are usually reasonable to the assortment that is acceptable for all living cells. References Picture- How many are there. (2011). Retrieved from http://howmanyarethere. net/how-many-organs-are-in-the-human-body/ How many are there. (2011). Retrieved from http://how manyarethere. net/how-many-organs-are-in-the-human-body/ Simon, E. j. (2010). Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (3rd ed. ). : Pearson Education.

An Interpretation of Langston Hughes Early Autumn

Langston Hughes (1902-1967) is best known for writing poems like The Negro Speaks of Rivers or Harlem. Hughes has also written plays, nonfiction, and short stories such as Early Autumn.  The latter originally appeared in the Chicago Defender on September  30, 1950, and was later included in his 1963 collection, Something in Common and Other Stories. It has also been featured  in a collection called The Short Stories of Langston Hughes, edited by Akiba Sullivan Harper. What Flash Fiction Is At fewer than 500 words, Early Autumn is yet another example of flash fiction written before anyone was using the term flash fiction.  Flash fiction is a very short and brief version of fiction that is generally a few hundred words or less as a whole. These types of stories are also known as sudden, micro, or quick fiction and can include elements of poetry or narrative.  Writing flash fiction can be done by using just a few characters, shortening a story, or starting in the middle of a plot.   With this analysis of the plot, a point of view, and other aspects of the story, the following will lead to a better understanding of Early Autumn.   A Plot Involving  Exes Two former lovers, Bill and Mary, cross paths in Washington Square in New York. Years have passed since they last saw each other. They exchange pleasantries about their jobs and their children, each of them perfunctorily inviting the others family to visit. When Marys bus arrives, she boards and is overwhelmed by all the things she has failed to say to Bill, both in the present moment (her address, for instance), and presumably, in life. The Story Begins With a Point of View of the Characters The narrative starts with a brief, neutral history of Bill and Marys relationship. Then, it moves to their current reunion, and the omniscient narrator gives us some details from each characters point of view. Almost the only thing Bill can think about is how old Mary looks. The audience is told, At first he did not recognize her, to him she looked so old. Later, Bill struggles to find something complimentary to say about Mary with, Youre looking very ... (he wanted to say old) well. Bill seems uncomfortable (a little frown came quickly between his eyes) to learn that Mary is living in New York now. Readers get the impression that he hasnt thought much about her in recent years and is not enthusiastic about having her back in his life in any way. Mary, on the other hand, seems to harbor affection for Bill, even though she was the one who left him and married a man she thought she loved. When she greets him, she lifts her face, as if wanting a kiss, but he just extends his hand. She seems disappointed to learn that Bill is married. Finally, in the last line of the story, readers learn that her youngest child is also named Bill, which indicates the extent of her regret for ever having left him. The Symbolism of the Early Autumn Title in the Story At first, it seems obvious that Mary is the one who is in her autumn. She looks noticeably old, and in fact, she is older than Bill. Autumn represents a time of loss, and Mary clearly feels a sense of loss as she desperately reach[es] back into the past. Her emotional loss is emphasized by the setting of the story. The day is almost over and its getting cold. Leaves fall inevitably from the trees, and throngs of strangers pass Bill and Mary as they talk. Hughes writes, A great many people went past them through the park. People they didnt know. Later, as Mary boards the bus, Hughes re-emphasizes the idea that Bill is irrevocably lost to Mary, just as the falling leaves are irrevocably lost to the trees from which they have fallen. People came between them outside, people crossing the street, people they didnt know. Space and people. She lost sight of Bill. The word early in the title is tricky. Bill too will be old one day, even if he cant see it at this moment. If Mary is undeniably in her autumn, Bill might not even recognize that he is in his early autumn. and he is the one most shocked by Marys aging. She takes him by surprise at a time in his life when he might have imagined himself immune to winter. A Spark of Hope and Meaning in a Turning Point of the Story Overall, Early Autumn feels sparse, like a tree nearly bare of leaves. The characters are at a loss for words, and readers can feel it. There is one moment in the story that feels noticeably different from the rest: Suddenly the lights came on up the whole length of Fifth Avenue, chains of misty brilliance in the blue air. This sentence marks a turning point in many ways: First, it signals the end of Bill and Marys attempt at conversation, startling Mary into the present.If the lights symbolize truth or revelation, then their sudden brightness represents the irrefutable passage of time and the impossibility of ever recovering or re-doing the past. That the lights run the whole length of Fifth Avenue further emphasizes the completeness of this truth; there is no way to escape the passage of time.Its worth noting that the lights turn on right after Bill says, You ought to see my kids and grins. Its a surprisingly unguarded moment, and its the only expression of genuine warmth in the story. Its possible that his and Marys children might represent those lights, being the brilliant chains that link the past with an ever-hopeful future.